THE IMPACT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF NORMS OF FERTILIZERS AND IRRIGATION ON THE CHANGE IN THE NUTRITIONAL REGIME OF THE SOIL IN MIXED CROPS OF BARLEY AND ALFALFA

Abstract

The article quotes questions of the influence of fertilizer rates and the number of irrigations on the change in the nutrient regime of the soil when growing mixed crops of barley and alfalfa in the conditions of the Karabakh zone of Azerbaijan. In this regard, one of the main issues considered was the development on a scientific and practical basis of the nature of changes in the nutrient regime of the soil and the effect of optimal fertilizer rates and the number of irrigations on crop yields in mixed crops in long-irrigated gray meadow soils.

To study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer rates in mixed crops on changes in the nutrient regime of the soil, soil samples were taken from two soil layers (0-30 and 30-60 cm) after cutting. In the soil samples taken, compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium that are readily absorbed by plants were analyzed. Analysis of soil samples shows that the application of mineral and organic fertilizers against the background of different amounts of irrigation fundamentally affects the effective fertility of the soil.

Against the background of 4-fold vegetative irrigation (3800 m3 / ha) in the control variant without fertilizers in the 1st mowing, analysis of soil samples makes it known that in the variant without fertilizer in the first crop the amount of absorbed ammonium was 5.2-6.6 mg / kg, nitrates 3.3-4.9 mg / kg, mobile phosphorus 7.2-12.7 mg / kg, and exchangeable potassium 217.5-254.7 mg / kg, and in the variant with the norm N45P120K90 in the soil layer of 0-30 cm after the first mowing, the amount of absorbed ammonium was 6.2-8.3 mg / kg, nitrate nitrogen 4.5-5.4 mg / kg, mobile phosphorus 9.4-13.2 mg / kg, and exchangeable potassium 256-263 mg / kg. As a result of the analysis, it becomes clear that the introduction of irrigation and fertilizer rates increases the number of digestible nutrients. And this in turn has the necessary effect on the yield of alfalfa in mixed crops with barley, as a result, the effective fertility of the soil is maintained.